ONCOmmunity

Long-term survival in esophageal cancer after minimally invasive esophagectomy compared to open esophagectomy.

By: Eivind Gottlieb-Vedi, Joonas H Kauppila, Fredrik Mattsson, Mats Lindblad, Magnus Nilsson, Pernilla Lagergren, Ioannis Rouvelas, Jesper Lagergren,

Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Surgery Research Unit Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Upper Abdominal Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital Surgical Care Science, Department of Molecular medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
2021-1-22; doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000004645

Abstract

Objective

To examine 5-year survival in esophageal cancer after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) compared to open esophagectomy (OE).

Summary

MIE is becoming an increasingly common approach in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer. A recent meta-analysis suggested 18% lower 5-year all-cause mortality after MIE compared to OE, but the quality of the included studies was limited.

Methods

Population-based cohort study including almost all patients who underwent elective esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in Sweden or Finland in 2010-2016, with follow-up until 2020. Cox regression was used to provide hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause 5-year mortality (main outcome) after MIE (hybrid or total) versus OE. Adjustments were made for age, sex, comorbidity, pathological tumor stage, histological tumor type, neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy, country, and annual hospital volume of esophagectomy.

Results

Among all 1,264 patients, 470 (37.2%) underwent MIE and 794 (62.8%) underwent OE. MIE was associated with an 18% decreased risk of all-cause 5-year mortality, compared to OE (adjusted HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67-1.00 [P = 0.048]). The HR of all-cause 5-year mortality was seemingly lower after total MIE compared to OE (adjusted HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60-0.98) than after hybrid MIE compared to OE (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.68-1.11).

Conclusions

This bi-national study indicates that MIE is associated with a higher 5-year survival than OE in patients with esophageal cancer, and that the survival benefit is greater after total MIE than hybrid MIE.