Library bio-panning and molecular evolution approaches to develop technology to create hyper-avid DNA nanoparticles that recognize cells through multiple interactions.

By generating and treating these DNA nanoparticles authors identified CLL-binding particles.

Different patient samples used in each round of selection (one patient sample/round), and several particles identified that bound to multiple CLL patient samples after 5 rounds of selection.

These particles also found to bind to normal B cells, as no counter-selections performed to remove general binders from pool. In their ongoing experiments, depletion step with counter screening against PBMCs introduced prior to CLL selection to enrich the CLL-specific proportion of binders.