Authors examined causes or diseases associated with secondary Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).

180 patients with AIHA identified. 69% had warm AIHA, 24% had cold AIHA, 3% had mixed AIHA, and 4% had DAT negative AIHA.

Of patients with warm antibody-mediated secondary AIHA (n = 122), most presented with either autoimmune disease (24%) or hematologic malignancy (27%), while other less common associations included infection (3%), monoclonal gammopathy (11%), and organ transplant (3%).

Higher frequency of both hematologic malignancies and monoclonal gammopathies in cold antibody-mediated AIHA patients (45% vs. 27%, p = 0.04, and 45% vs. 11%, p < 0.0001).

Proportions of patients with CLL (16% vs. 19%) and non-CLL NHL (8% vs. 5%) similar (p =.63, .73, respectively).