Levels of cytokines and chemokines compared to healthy donor control samples and also with known prognostic and clinical factors.

Levels also evaluated in respect to response to therapy, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

CLL had significantly higher serum levels of CXCL13 , CCL3 , CCL4 , CD178 and IL-6 and significantly lower levels of CXCL12 and sCD154.

CCL2 levels did not correlate with any baseline clinical feature, response to therapy, PFS or OS.

CXCL2 levels reduced with more advanced Rai stage disease but did not predict PFS or OS.

CD178 levels did not correlate with any baseline clinical feature but predicted response to therapy.

Higher CD178 also strongly predicted worse PFS and OS.

No other chemokine levels predicted PFS.

Baseline serum levels of CD178 useful predictor of response to therapy and outcome in CLL.