Long non-coding RNA, a newly deciphered "code" in prostate cancer.
By: Ailin Zhang, Jiawei Zhang, Arja Kaipainen, Jared M Lucas, Hong Yang

Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA 98109.
2016-1-8; doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.003
Abstract

As one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males, prostate cancer's development and progression remains an open area of research. The role of LncRNAs in prostate cancer is an emerging field of study. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about lncRNAs in prostate cancer while focusing on a few key lncRNAs. PCA3 was the first lncRNA identified in prostate cancer and has been shown to be expressed in a majority of prostate cancer cases. It may act in both an androgen dependent and independent fashion and has clinical utility as a biomarker. Other lncRNAs are known to interact directly with the androgen receptor pathway including: PlncRNA-1, HOTAIR, PRNCR1 and PCGEM1. Additionally, lncRNAs have been shown to interfere with tumor suppressors, DNA break repair, transcription and alternate RNA splicing. While only in its infancy, an understanding of the role of lncRNAs in prostate cancer development should present ample opportunities for the discovery of new cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.



Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

PMID:26965999






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