Canfosfamide is a novel glutathione analog activated by glutathione S−transferase P1−1. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of canfosfamide in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in patients with platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Patients with platinum resistant ovarian carcinoma and measurable disease received canfosfamide at 960 mg/m2 in combination with PLD at 50 mg/m2, intravenously Day 1 in every 28 day cycles until tumor progression or unacceptable toxicities. The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and progression−free survival (PFS). »
03/11/10

To understand the role of two interacting proteins LIMD1 and pRB in development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), alterations of these genes were analyzed in 25 dysplastic head and neck lesions, 58 primary HNSCC samples and two HNSCC cell lines. »
03/12/10

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which exists in two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2 plays an important role in tumor growth. »
03/12/10

Sphingosine−1−phosphate (S1P) has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis by acting through the G(i)−coupled chemotactic receptor S1P(1). Here, we report that the distinct receptor S1P(2) is responsible for mediating the G(12/13)/Rho−dependent inhibitory effects of S1P on Akt, Rac, and cell migration, thereby negatively regulating tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. »
01/15/10

Interleukin−24 (IL−24) is a novel tumor suppressor/cytokine gene expressed in normal human melanocytes but for which expression is nearly undetectable in metastatic melanoma. Overexpression of the IL−24 protein has been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in many melanoma cell lines, and is now considered a tumor suppressor. Erlotinib, a small−molecule epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been widely studied for the treatment of human lung cancer and other solid tumors, but the erlotinib−targeted therapy has not been tested in melanoma. »
03/06/10

To characterize the molecular changes associated with DMAPT−induced prostate cancer cell death and its in vivo activity. »
03/05/10

We investigated expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA) in gastric carcinomas by use of a miRNA microarray platform covering a total of 470 human miRNAs. We identified 39 differentially expressed miRNAs in gastric carcinoma, of which six were significantly downregulated and the other 33 were upregulated. We found that miRNA−375 (miR−375) was the most downregulated and that its ectopic expression in gastric carcinoma cells markedly reduced cell viability via the caspase−mediated apoptosis pathway. »
03/09/10

Though gastric cancer screening by X−ray examination has been confirmed to be effective for reducing gastric cancer mortality, decreases in efficiency have been pointed out. Establishment of an effective screening system, focusing on high−risk status such as Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis, is desirable. To date, combined use of serum anti−Helicobacter pylori antibodies and pepsinogen measurement has been assessed prospectively in participants in opportunistic and workplace health check−ups; however, there are no reports of population−based cohort study. »
03/04/10

Procalcitonin has been well established as an important marker of sepsis and systemic infection. The authors evaluated the diagnostic and predictive value of calcitonin and its prohormone procalcitonin in medullary thyroid cancer. »
01/01/10

In a long−term retrospective immunohistochemical study of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland, we investigated the relation of p63 immunodetection to prognosis. Although it is generally agreed that the solid pattern is the most aggressive pattern of growth, ACCs with predominantly cribriform or tubular patterns have an unpredictable clinical course, with a relatively favorable 5−year survival but a low 20−year survival. »
01/01/10