Guidelines recommend that patients with colon adenomas undergo periodic surveillance colonoscopy. The purpose of this study was to estimate the cost−effectiveness of these recommendations. »
03/09/10

GUCY2C is the intestinal receptor for the paracrine hormones guanylin and uroguanylin that converts guanosine−5'−triphosphate to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). It functions as a tumor suppressor; its loss disrupts intestinal homeostasis and promotes tumorigenesis. We investigated the effects of GUCY2C loss on intestinal cell proliferation, metabolism, signaling, and tumorigenesis in mice. »
01/01/10

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette−Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is effective in the prevention of recurrence and progression in many cases of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, but many patients fail to respond. The aim of this study was to identify gene sets of markers that could predict the response to BCG immunotherapy in primary pT1 bladder cancer using microarray gene expression profiling. »
03/16/10

Downregulation of miR−145 in a variety of cancers suggests a possible tumor suppressor function for this microRNA. Here, we show that miR−145 expression is reduced in bladder cancer and urothelial carcinoma in situ, compared with normal urothelium, using transcription profiling and in situ hybridization. »
02/18/10

Ovarian carcinoma is a rarely curable disease, for which new treatment options are required. As agents that block HMG−CoA reductase and the mevalonate pathway, the statin family of drugs are used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and have been shown to trigger apoptosis in a tumor−specific manner. Recent clinical trials show that the addition of statins to traditional chemotherapeutic strategies can increase efficacy of targeting statin−sensitive tumors. Our goal was to assess statin−induced apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells, either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics, and then determine these mechanisms of action. »
03/18/10

The objective of this retrospective study is to investigate laryngeal preservation and long−term treatment results in hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity−modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with chemotherapy. »
03/18/10

Micrometastases of colorectal liver metastases are present in up to 50% of lesions. In this study we sought to determine the threshold dose for local control of occult micrometastases in patients undergoing CT (computed tomography)−guided brachytherapy of colorectal liver metastases. »
03/24/10

Cells are constantly exposed to stresses from cellular metabolites as well as environmental genotoxins. DNA damage caused by these genotoxins can be efficiently fixed by DNA repair in cooperation with cell cycle checkpoints. Unrepaired DNA lesions can lead to cell death, gene mutation and cancer. The Rad1, evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans, exists in cells as monomer as well as a component in the 9−1−1 protein complex. Rad1 plays crucial roles in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint control, but its contribution to carcinogenesis is unknown. »
03/24/10

Alcohol consumption increases breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women in a dose−dependent manner. The objective of the present study was to determine if the effect of alcohol on mammary cancer is modified by body weight and exogenous estrogen. »
01/01/10